Adenovirus can be transmitted in several ways:
- Through aerosol droplets produced by coughing or sneezing
- Via the fecal–oral route
- Through contact with contaminated objects (fomites), such as toys or surfaces
The virus is notably resilient and can survive on surfaces for up to 30 days. While this durability contributes to its year-round spread, adenovirus can be destroyed using disinfectants such as bleach, as well as extreme heat or formaldehyde.
Symptoms vary depending on which body system is affected and the overall health of the infected individual. Most infections involve fever and may be accompanied by:
- Sore throat or hoarse voice
- Runny or congested nose
- Cough
- Ear infection
- Pink eye
- Diarrhea
Infants under three months of age are at the greatest risk of developing severe illness. Parents should seek medical attention if their baby appears lethargic, or refuses to drink water or milk.
Diagnosis typically involves collecting secretion samples from the nose, throat, or stool, which are then analysed in a laboratory to identify the virus.
Gets plenty of rest
There is no specific cure for adenovirus, so treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting recovery. Parents should ensure their child:
If symptoms worsen, parents should take their child to the hospital. A pediatrician may recommend treatments such as intravenous fluids, bronchodilator medications, or oxygen therapy. In severe cases, or for high-risk patients with underlying medical conditions, antiviral medications may be considered under close medical supervision.
The most effective way to prevent adenovirus infection is good hygiene. Key preventive measures include:
Teaching children to cover their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing is also strongly recommended to reduce the spread of infection.
About Adenoviruses [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2019 Apr 25] Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/adenovirus/about/index.html
